Lumbar Disc Disease

Lumbar disc disease is a common condition that affects the spine. It occurs when the discs between the vertebrae in the lower back begin to wear down and break down. This can cause pain, numbness, and weakness in the back, legs, and feet.

Characteristics of Lumbar Disease 

• The pain may be localized to the lower back or radiate down one or both legs, a condition known as sciatica.
• Numbness or tingling in the legs when the herniated disc compresses a nerve root, disrupting the transmission of nerve impulses.
• Weakness can also result from nerve root compression. In severe cases, muscle weakness may lead to difficulty walking or standing.
• In rare instances, severe lumbar disc disease can affect nerves responsible for bowel and bladder function, leading to incontinence or retention.

Types of Lumbar Disc Disease

There are two main types of lumbar disc disease:

• Lumbar disc herniation: A lumbar disc herniation occurs when the inner part of the disc, called the nucleus pulposus, leaks out of the disc and into the spinal canal. This can put pressure on a nerve root, causing pain, numbness, and weakness.
• Lumbar disc degeneration: Lumbar disc degeneration is a natural part of the ageing process. As we age, the discs in our spine begin to lose water and become less flexible. This can make them more prone to herniation and other problems.

Lumbar disc prolapse is a common condition that can cause pain, numbness, and weakness in the back, legs, and feet. If you think you may have lumbar disc disease, you should see a doctor. They will likely ask you about your medical history and symptoms and perform a physical exam. They may also order tests, such as X-rays, MRI scans, or nerve conduction studies. Most cases of lumbar disc disease can be treated with conservative treatment, such as rest, ice and heat, pain medication, physical therapy, or epidural injections. Surgery is only considered in rare cases when conservative treatment fails to provide relief.

FAQ

1. What is the treatment for lumbar disc herniation?

Treatment for a herniated disc in the lower back typically involves non-surgical options before considering surgery. These include weight loss, physical therapy, pain medications, and/or epidural steroid injections. There are also some surgical options.

2. What should I do if a herniated disc still hurts after a year?

If a herniated disc continues to cause pain after a year despite conservative treatments, consulting with a surgeon to discuss spine surgery options is advisable. This is especially true if the pain is significantly impacting the patient’s daily life and activities.

3. When is surgery needed for lumbar disc herniation?

Surgery for lumbar disc herniation may be necessary in certain circumstances, such as cauda equina syndrome, progressive weakness in the legs, persistent severe pain despite conservative treatments, or ongoing symptoms despite trying various non-surgical therapies.